810
铭文:母嬣日辛。
说明:角是饮酒器,《礼记·礼器》:“宗庙之祭,尊者聚觯,卑者举角。”郑玄注:“四升为角。”与其他酒器组合,据《仪礼·特牲餽食礼》:“实二爵四觯一角一散。”《考工记·梓人》引《韩诗》云:“一升曰爵,二升曰觚,三升曰觯,四升曰角,五升曰散。”依此说,角与爵之容量为四比一。自宋以来,定爵形器无流而具两翼若尾者为角,其容量与爵大致相等,故不是《礼记·礼器》注和《韩诗》所云之角,或者是爵之某种变体。
夏代晚期有前后成尾形的陶管流角,盘龙城遗址也出土有前尾不发达的管流角。最早的青铜角为上海博物馆所藏的夏代晚期的异形管流角,长体分段,杯体下有圆圈,底下承三足,上口前后皆呈翼状,前翼与一般的爵不同,颈部有一斜置的流,与陶器相同。商晚期角发展成熟,延续到西周早期。
此青铜角为美国纽约兰捷里(J.J.Lally)旧藏,上有标签“LALLY & CO NEW YORK X2611”。角流、尾一致,俱呈尖尾翼。口沿左右对称,类缓坡的“V”字形。颈部收拢,腹部作圆卵貌,一侧有半环鋬,底承三条外撇的锥形足。颈部饰蕉叶纹,流尾下的两个较长,其馀较短,内部对称浮雕两个兽体变形纹。腹部一面出扉棱,分别以扉棱和鋬为鼻基,浮雕兽面纹。兽面仅凸显眉、目、口、耳,不绘面庞轮廓及兽体其馀部位,满工云雷地纹。其主纹、地纹泾渭分明,与颈、腹风格统一。流内一面有铭文“母嬣日辛”四字,为简式祭辞,是较少的铭文铸于器内壁而非鋬下之例。依器型、铭文断,此件属典型的商晚期器。日本出光美术馆藏有一件同尺寸、同纹饰、同铭文器,当与本件为一对,可作参照。
角的存世数量远远少于爵,多藏于世界各大知名博物馆中,珍罕程度和收藏价值不言而喻。
LATE SHANG DYNASTY A BRONZE RITUAL WINE VESSEL, JUE
Illustrated: 1. Lot 50, Sotheby's London, June 10, 1986
2. Collection of the Recent Excavated Bronze Inscriptions of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 3, p. 366, no. 897, Zhonghua Book Company, 2002
3. A Selection of Early Chinese Bronzes with Inscriptions from Sotheby's and Christie's Sales, no. 297, Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, 2007
4. Illustrated Collection of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 17, no. 08753, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2012
Provenance: J. J. Lally, New York.
Note: Attached is a label of 'LALLY & CO NEW YORK X2611'.
高:17cm
RMB: 1,200,000-1,800,000
出版: 1. 伦敦苏富比第五零号,1986年6月10日。
2. 刘雨、卢岩《近出殷周金文集录》第三册第三六六页第八九七号,中华书局,2002年。
3. 刘雨、汪涛《流散欧美殷周有铭青铜器集录》第二九七号,上海辞书出版社,2007年。
4. 吴镇烽《商周青铜器铭文暨图像集成》第十七册第零八七五三号,上海古籍出版社,2012年。
递藏: 美国纽约兰捷里(J. J. Lally)旧藏。
附:标签“LALLY & CO NEW YORK X2611”。
Illustrated: 1. A rubbing inscribed by Duan Fang, Shu Shuji and Li Baifeng, 1905
2. Collection of Bronze Wares of Taozhai Studio, vol. 1, p. 48, 1908
3. Collection of Bronze Wares of Shang and Zhou Dynasties Plundered by American Imperialism, p. 215, no. R291; p. 469, no. A180, Science Press, 1962
4. Research on Bronze Vessels of Yin and Zhou Dynasties: Overview of Bronze Vessels of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 1, p. 100, Gui-no. 165, Yoshikawa Kobukan, 1984
5. Western Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections, vol. 2, album B, pp. 404-405, no. 48, Arthur M. Sackler Foundation, 1990
6. Illustrated Collection of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels of Shang and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 8, no. 04157, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2012
Literature: 7. Inscriptions on Bronzes of Yuhuage Studio, vol. 17, prior to 1899
8. Collection of Inscriptions of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 3, p. 113, no. 7, 1916
9. Ke Zhai Ji Gu Lu, vol. 8, p. 9, no. 1, 1918
10. The Rubbings of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels from Xiao Jiao Jin Ge, vol. 7, p. 26, no. 2, 1935
11. The Collected Works of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels from Three Dynasties, vol. 6, p. 30, no. 1, 1937
12. Collection of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels from Shandong, Section Fu-p. 3, no. 1, 1940
13. Literature List of Inscriptions on Bronze Objects from Three Dynasties, no. 1383, Students Book Company, 1977
14. Rubbings and Hand Copies of Bronze Inscriptions Collected in China, Japan, Europe, America, Australia and New Zealand, vol. 7, p. 757, Yee Wen Publishing Company, 1978
15. Supplement to Inscriptions on the Bronzes of Three Dynasties, no. 291, Taiwan Kuofong Publishing House, 1980
16. Index to Literatures of Inscriptions on Bronzes, no. 1913, China Book Company, 1981
17. General Collection of Inscriptions on Bronzes, no. 2105, Yee Wen Publishing Company, 1983
18. Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, vol. 6, no. 03469, China Book Company, 1994
19. Collection of Inscriptions on Bronze Vessels from Shandong, p. 271, Qilu Book Society, 2007
Provenance: 1. Xu Yanxuan, China.
2. Duan Fang, China.
3. Ton-Ying & Co, New York.
4. Arthur M. Sackler, New York.
Note: 1.The title slip is written by Duan Fang.
2. The rubbing is inscribed by Duan Fang ,Shu Shuji and Li Baifeng.